Automatic Control System of Diesel Generator Sets
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Dual Power Automatic Control
The dual power automatic control system facilitates the automatic switching between the utility power and the diesel generator set. The system operates as follows.
1. Automatic Switching Function
When there is a power failure or voltage drop in the utility supply, the control system automatically detects the issue and sends a start command to switch to the diesel generator. This process ensures that power supply is restored quickly, minimizing the impact on users.
2. Manual Control Options
In addition to automatic switching, users can opt for manual control, allowing adjustments and maintenance during special circumstances.
3. Voltage and Frequency Verification
Once the diesel generator starts, the control system continuously monitors the generator's output voltage and frequency to ensure they meet the specified standards. This verification process is crucial for ensuring power quality and protecting equipment.
4. Load Transfer
After the generator operates stably, the system will transfer the load safely to the generator, ensuring continuous power supply.
Equipment Operation Control
Equipment operation control refers to the automatic adjustment of the output voltage of the diesel generator set during normal operation, ensuring stable voltage output under varying loads. Key features include:
1. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)
The AVR is a critical component for voltage regulation. When the generator's output voltage increases, the AVR reduces the excitation current, lowering the voltage. Conversely, if the output voltage decreases, the AVR increases the excitation current to raise the voltage, maintaining stability.
2. No-load Adjustment
In no-load conditions, the AVR can adjust the output voltage to within 95% to 105% of the rated value by adjusting relevant potentiometers. This adjustment capability enhances the generator set's adaptability to different load requirements.
Single Machine Operation Control
Single machine operation control is essential for the diesel generator set to automatically start and supply power during a utility power outage. The workflow includes:
1. Automatic Emergency Start
In the event of a power failure, the generator set will automatically start. Once the generator's voltage and frequency reach the rated values, the system will switch the load from the utility side to the generator side.
2. Monitoring and Control Functions
The single machine controller monitors the generator's three-phase power against the utility power. This system combines a programmable logic controller with the generator set controller to send appropriate control signals based on detection results, ensuring reliable starting of the generator.
3. Interface Design
The system includes multiple interfaces for flexible wiring based on user needs, accommodating various automatic start conditions, enhancing user experience, and simplifying maintenance.
Multiple Generator Sets Operation Control
The multiple generator sets operation control system not only includes the functions of single generator sets but also adds several automation features to improve overall power supply reliability and flexibility.
1. Automatic Start and Fault Transfer
If one generator fails to start, the system automatically transfers the start command to the next generator, ensuring continuous power supply.
2. Automatic Paralleling and Decoupling
The system can perform automatic paralleling and decoupling of two identical generator sets based on automatic control or remote control commands. When output power consistently reaches the rated value, the system automatically starts a second generator to operate in parallel; if power drops to 40% of the total rated power of the parallel generators, the system issues a decoupling and shutdown command.
3. Automatic Power Distribution
During parallel operation, the system automatically allocates active and reactive power outputs to balance the load across generators, ensuring stable power output.
4. Backup Generator Control
If one of the parallel generators fails, the system prioritizes starting a backup generator and automatically connects it in parallel while decoupling the faulty generator. In case of a secondary fault, the faulty generator will shut down and cut off some loads (usually secondary loads) to prevent overload, while starting the backup generator to restore power.
Conclusion
The automatic control system of diesel generator sets enhances the reliability and stability of power supply through dual power automatic control, equipment operation control, single machine operation control, and coordinated operation of multiple generator sets. This system can quickly respond to power outages, ensuring continuity of power supply. It also features a flexible interface and strong adaptive capabilities to meet various application scenarios. With ongoing technological advancements, the automatic control systems of diesel generator sets will become increasingly intelligent, providing more efficient and reliable power solutions across industries.
